Zinthu Zopenta

Zinthu zakujambulandizo zigawo zikuluzikulu kapena zomangira za chojambula.M’zojambula za Kumadzulo, kaŵirikaŵiri amaonedwa kukhala mtundu, kamvekedwe, mzere, kawonekedwe, malo, ndi kapangidwe.

Kawirikawiri, timakonda kuvomereza kuti pali zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zovomerezeka za luso.Komabe, mu sing'anga yamitundu iwiri, mawonekedwe amatsitsidwa, kotero tili ndi zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi zofunika pakupenta.Titha kubweretsanso zinthu zina zinayi - kapangidwe, chitsogozo, kukula, ndi nthawi (kapena kusuntha) - mu equation kuti tiyizungulire pazithunzi 10 zojambula.

• 01 mwa 10

  Mtundu

  

  Mtundu (kapena hue) uli pamtima pazojambula zilizonse.Mosakayikira ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri chifukwa chimakhazikitsa kamvekedwe ka momwe owonera amawonera ntchitoyo.Mwachitsanzo, ikhoza kukhala yotentha komanso yosangalatsa kapena yozizira komanso yolimba.Mulimonsemo, mtundu ukhoza kukhazikitsa malingaliro a chidutswa.

  Pali njira zopanda malire zomwe ojambula amatha kusewera ndi mitundu.Nthawi zambiri, wojambula amatha kukopeka ndi phale linalake lomwe limatanthauzira kalembedwe ka ntchito yawo yonse.

  Malingaliro amitundundi imodzi mwa makiyi ogwira ntchito ndi mtundu, makamaka kwa ojambula.Mtundu uliwonse watsopano womwe mumayambitsa chinsalu umakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pamalingaliro omwe owonera amawonera chidutswacho.

  Utoto ukhoza kugawikanso kukhala hue, mphamvu, ndi mtengo.Komanso, ojambula ambiri amasankha kugwira ntchito ndi mtundu wa amayi pojambula.Uwu ndi mtundu wina wa utoto womwe umasakanizidwa mu utoto uliwonse womwe umakhudza chinsalu ndipo ukhoza kubweretsa kufanana.
• 02 ku 10

  Kamvekedwe

  

  Toni ndi mtengo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana pojambula.Ndiko, momwe utoto umakhala wopepuka kapena wakuda mukachotsa mtunduwo.Kumvetsetsa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kungakhudze kwambiri momwe luso lanu limawonera.

  Mtundu uliwonse wa utoto uli ndi mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ilipo.Mutha kusakaniza ndi ma mediums ndi utoto wosalowerera kuti musinthe kamvekedwe kake momwe mungakondere.Zithunzi zina zimakhala ndi matani ochepa kwambiri pamene zina zimakhala ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi matani.

  Pachiyambi chake,kamvekedwe kamvekedwe kabwino kawonekedwe ka grayscale: Black ndiye mtengo wakuda kwambiri ndipo woyera ndi wowala kwambiri.Chojambula chozunguliridwa bwino nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi zonsezi, zokhala ndi zowunikira ndi mithunzi zomwe zimawonjezera zotsatira za chidutswacho.
• 03 ku 10

  Mzere

  

  Ngakhale timakonda kuganiza za mizere pojambula, ojambula ayeneranso kuganizira kwambiri.Kupatula apo, burashi iliyonse yomwe mumapanga imapanga mzere.

  Mzere umatanthauzidwa ngati chizindikiro chopapatiza chopangidwa ndi burashi, kapena mzere womwe umapangidwa pomwe zinthu ziwiri kapena zinthu zimakumana.Imatanthauzira mutu wa zojambula ndipo imatithandiza kutanthauza zinthu monga kuyenda.

  Ojambula ayeneranso kudziwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mizere.Zina mwa izo ndimizere yotsimikizika, zomwe sizinakokedwe koma m'malo mwake zimatanthauzidwa ndi maburashi ozungulira.

  Ojambula malo, makamaka, nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi mzere wozungulira.Ojambula amitundu yonse amatha kuwonjezera gawo ku ntchito yawo pogwiritsa ntchito mizere ya orthogonal ndi yopingasa yomwe imapezeka muzojambula.
• 04 ku 10

  Maonekedwe

  

  Chidutswa chilichonse cha zojambulajambula chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe, omwe amalumikizana mu mzere ndi malo.Kwenikweni, mawonekedwe ndi malo otsekedwa omwe amapangidwa mizere ikakumana.Pamene mawonekedwewo atenga gawo lachitatu (monga zojambula kapena zosakanikirana), timakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe.

  Ojambula nthawi zambiri amadziphunzitsa okha kuti awone mawonekedwe mu chirichonse.Pothyola mipangidwe yoyambira ya mutu, imapanga chithunzithunzi cholondola cha izo muzojambula ndi zojambula.

  Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe amatha kukhala geometric kapena organic.Zakale ndi makona atatu, mabwalo, ndi mabwalo omwe tonse timawadziwa.Zotsirizirazo ndi zija zomwe sizikufotokozedwa bwino kapena zomwe zimapezeka m'chilengedwe.
• 05 ku 10

  Malo

  

  Malo (kapena voliyumu) ​​ndichinthu china chofunikira kwambiri pazaluso zilizonse ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pojambula.Tikamalankhula za malo muzojambula, timaganizira za kulinganiza pakati pa malo abwino ndi oipa.

  Malo abwino ndi mutu womwewo pomwe malo olakwika ndi malo ojambulidwa mozungulira.Ojambula amatha kusewera molingana pakati pa malo awiriwa kuti athandizire momwe owonera amatanthauzira ntchito yawo.

  Mwachitsanzo, malo okhala ndi mtengo wocheperako komanso m'mphepete mwake (malo abwino) omwe amalola thambo (malo oyipa) kuti atenge chinsalu chambiri atha kunena mawu amphamvu kwambiri.Momwemonso, kujambula chithunzi chomwe phunziro (zabwino) likuyang'ana mbali ya malo olakwika kungakhale kochititsa chidwi monga momwe amachitira pamene iwo anali kuyang'ana molunjika kwa owonerera.
• 06pa 10

  Kapangidwe

  

  Zojambula ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yoti musewere ndi kapangidwe kake.Izi zikhoza kutanthauziridwa ngati chitsanzo mkati mwa chojambula kapena brushstrokes okha.

  Utoto wina, makamaka mafuta, ndi wokhuthala ndipo momwe amapaka pansalu kapena bolodi angapangitse kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yozama chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake.Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutenga utoto pachojambula cha Van Gogh ndikuchiwona chakuda ndi choyera, mawonekedwe a maburashi ake amawonekera kwambiri.Mofananamo, kujambula kwa impasto kumadalira zojambula zakuya kwambiri.

  Kujambula kungakhalenso kovuta kwa ojambula.Kujambula pamwamba pa galasi kapena chitsulo kapena kumveka kwa mwala kumakhala kovuta.Ndi muzinthu zonga izi kuti wojambula akhoza kudalira zinthu zina za zojambulajambula-mzere, mtundu, ndi kamvekedwe, makamaka-kutanthauzira momveka bwino kapangidwe kake.
• 07pa 10

  Kupanga

  

  Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizofunikira pazojambula, ngakhale nthawi zambiri timawonjezeranso zina zinayi pamndandanda.Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri kwa wojambula aliyense ndikulemba.

  Kupangandiye dongosolo la penti.Kumene mumayika mutuwo, momwe zinthu zakumbuyo zimachirikizira, ndipo kachidutswa kakang'ono kalikonse kamene mumawonjezera pachinsalucho chimakhala gawo lazolembazo.Ndikofunikira kwambiri momwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito.

  Palinso "zinthu zopangira" zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa.Izi zikuphatikizapo mgwirizano, kusanja, kuyenda, rhythm, kuyang'ana, kusiyanitsa, chitsanzo, ndi gawo.Iliyonse imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pazojambula zilizonse, ndichifukwa chake ojambula amaika nthawi yochuluka pakupanga.
• 08pa 10

  Mayendedwe

  

  Muzojambula, mawu oti "kuwongolera" ndi mawu otakata omwe amatha kutanthauziridwa m'njira zambiri.Mwachitsanzo, mungaganizire mawonekedwe a mbali ya penti yomwe ili mbali yake.Chinsalu choyima chimatha kugwira ntchito bwino kuposa yopingasa pa maphunziro ena ndi mosemphanitsa.

  Direction itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchitoonetsani kawonedwe.Kumene mumayika zinthu kapena momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito molingana ndi zina zimatha kuwongolera owonera kudzera muzojambula.M'lingaliro limeneli, zimagwirizana ndi mayendedwe komanso mayendedwe ndi gawo lofunikira la mapangidwe, ziribe kanthu zapakati.

  Ojambula amakhudzidwanso ndi momwe kuwala kwajambula pazithunzi zawo kumayendera.Zinthu zonse zojambulidwa ziyenera kukhala ndi kuwala komwe kumawagwera kuchokera mbali imodzi kapena owonera adzasokonezeka.Iwo sangazindikire, koma chinachake chidzawasokoneza ngati zowunikira ndi mithunzi zisintha kuchokera kumbali imodzi ya chithunzi kupita ku ina.
• 09 ku 10

  Kukula

  

  "Kukula" kumatanthauza kukula kwa chithunzicho komanso kukula kwa magawo omwe ali mkati mwazojambulazo.

  Ubale pakati pa zinthu ungathenso kusokoneza maganizo ndi chisangalalo cha owonerera mosadziŵa.Mwachitsanzo, apulo amene ndi wamkulu kuposa njovu si chilengedwe.Mochepa kwambiri, timayembekezera kuti maso, milomo, ndi mphuno za munthu wina zizikhala molingana ndi kukula kwake.

  Pankhani yodziwa kukula kwa zojambulajambula zilizonse, ojambula amakhalanso ndi zinthu zambiri zoti aganizire.Zojambula zazikuluzikulu zitha kukhala zochititsa chidwi ngati kachidutswa kakang'ono kwambiri ndipo onse ali ndi zovuta zawo.Kuphatikiza apo, ojambula ayenera kuganizira zomwe wogula akufuna kukhala ndi malo.

  Pamagulu ambiri, kukula ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri kwa wojambula aliyense.
• 10 ku 10

  Nthawi ndi Mayendedwe

  

  Zinthu zina zonse zimakhudza momwe wowonera amawonera ndikuyang'ana chojambula.Apa ndi pamene nthawi ndi mayendedwe zimayendera.

  Nthawi imatha kuwonedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe wowonera amathera akuyang'ana chidutswa.Kodi pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikupitirizabe kukopa chidwi chawo?Kodi ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kotero kuti ayime osapitilira luso lanu?Zowona, ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa akatswiri ambiri ojambula.

  Kusuntha ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangidwira, ngakhale kufunikira kwake sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa mu gulu limenelo.Izi zikutanthauza momwe mumawongolera diso la wowonera mkati mwajambula.Mwa kuphatikiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'malo abwino ndikuphatikizanso zinthu zina zaluso, mutha kupangitsa owonera akuyenda mozungulira penti.Izi, zimawonjezera nthawi yomwe amathera kuyang'ana.